We use simple past tense to talk about  an action that happened in the past. We also use it to tell a story.

The time of signals that indicate such happenings are yesterday, this morning, just now, a few minutes ago, . . . ago (long, long time ago), and last . . .(last Monday, last week, etc).

Pattern:

~ Using be      : S + was/were + V₁ + Complement

~ Using verbs : S + V_past + Complement

The function of the simple past tense:

1.   To express that an action started and finished at the specific time in the past.

2.   To describe a habit which stopped in the past. To make it clear that we are talking about a habit, we often add expressions such as : always, often, usually, never, when, etc.

3.   To describe past fact6 or generalizations which are no longer true. Example: Grandpa didn’t like coffee before.

Kind of Past Tense:

~ Past Progressive Tense / Past Continous Tense.

~ Past Perfect Tense.

~ Past Perfect Progressive Tense.

Example of Simple Past Tense:

(+) The diligent boy studied last night.

(-) The diligent boy did not study last night.

(?) Did the diligent boy study last night.

Present tense is simple form which used to express situation going into effect.

Present tense adalah bentuk (kalimat) sederhana yang digunakan untuk situasi yang berlaku (sekarang).

Simple present tense is used for :

• Express habit, general truths, repeated actions or unchanging situation, emotions and whised.

• Give instruction or direction.

• To express arrangement.

Dalam menggunakan Present tense kita juga harus menggunakan rumus

PATTERNS (Using verbs)

(+)  SUBJECT + VERB₁ + COMPLEMENT/OBJECT.

(-)   SUBJECT + DO/DOES + NOT + VERB₁ + COMPLEMENT/OBJECT.

(?)   DO/DOES + SUBJECT + VERB₁ + COMPLEMENT 

PATTERNS (using be)

(+)   SUBJECT + TO BE (IS, AM, ARE) + COMPLEMENT.

(-)    SUBJECT + TO BE (IS, AM, ARE) + NOT + COMPLEMENT.

(?)    TO BE (IS, AM, ARE) + SUBJECT + COMPLEMENT.

Example:

(+) 1. Idrink coffee
      2. She drinks coffe   

(-)  1. I do not drink coffee.
       2. She does not drink coffee

(?)  1. Do you drink cofee?

1.                   2. DOES She drink coffee?

2.        

Untuk I, WE, YOU, THEY tambah DO
Untuk SHE, HE, IT, Iqbal, Udin tambah DOES

Greetings is a way for human beings to intentionally communicate awareness of each other’s presence, to show attention to, and/or to affirm or suggest a type of relationship or social status between individuals or groups of people coming in contact with each other.
As many forms of communication, greetings habits are highly culture and situation. Specific and many changes within a culture dispending on social status and relationship : the [phenomenon] as such exists in all known human cultures though.
Greetings can be expressed both avdibly and physically, and often involve a combination of the two. This topic excludes military and ceremonial salutes but includes rituals other then gestures.
Example:
How do you greet other people?
~ Good Morning / Afternoon / Evening / Night / nite.
~ Hi / Hello, Aiiu!
~ How everything with you?
~ How are you / How life / How are you getting along?
~ Fine thanks!
~ Pretty goods thanks!
~ I’m well, thanks.
~ Not bad, thanks. And you?
How do introduce yourself?
~ Let me introduce myself. My name is Ayu Maulida.
~ Hello, my name is Ayou!
~ Hi, I’m Aiiu!
How do you introduce other people?
~ I would like to introduce KiQy!
~ I would like you to meet agree.
~ Excuse me, let me introduce my new friend. Her name is KiQy.

A person's vocabulary is the set of words they are familiar with in a language. A vocabulary usually grows and evolves with age, and serves as a useful and fundamental tool for communication and acquiring knowledge.